宪法权利与民事权利关系辨

宪法是一国法律体系中的根本法,民法是对宪法在民事领域的具体化;但宪法又是公法,与作为私法的民法有本质上的区别。与此相对应,宪法权利与民事权利在性质、内容和行使方式等方面存在差别,但宪法权利功能的变迁又使其有影响民事权利发展的可能性。人权是整体法律体系的价值基础,人权入宪为宪法权利通过其体现的人权价值影响民事权利提供了法律基础,尽管如此,两者仍是不同性质的权利,宪法权利规范不能直接用于调整私人间的民事权利义务关系。

The Relationship between Constitutional Right and Civil Right

On the one hand,constitution is the basic law in the legal system of one country,in which the civil law is the embodiment of constitution in the civil realm.On the other hand,the nature of constitution is the public law,which is contrary to the nature of the civil law.According to the above,the constitutional rights are different from the civil rights in the nature,content and the exercise etc.But the functional variance of the constitutional rights leads to the possibility to influence the development of the civil law.Because the human rights are the value basis of the entire legal system,the fact that constitution adopts the human rights results in the influence of the constitution on the civil law.Although both differ in nature,and the provisions about the constitutional rights in constitution can not be applied to regulate the civil relationship between private parties.