行为能力欠缺者的公司发起人资格--基于法解释学的一般套路

传统理论主张行为能力欠缺者不能充任公司发起人,是一个普遍的误解。无论是从民法视野,还是从法解释、比较法、立法背景等角度分析,都不能简单地否定行为能力欠缺者的公司发起人资格。我国《公司法》应明确规定行为能力欠缺者可以自己名义设立公司,并应吸收德国法院判例经验对行为能力欠缺者设立公司的活动予以适当规制。在商法领域,应当树立“行为自治”的理念,由商事主体在市场竞争中对商业风险自主进行识别、判断,并自负其责,法律只需为这一判断过程构建辅助机制。

On Competence of Promoter Whose Capacity Is Deficient

The traditional theory advocates that persons whose capacity is deficient can not be the promoter. It is a common mistake. The competence of promoter can not be denied simply. China's Corporation Law should provide that those whose capacity is deficient can form a corporate with their names and make necessary restraints to promoters' forming action according to German's experience of court cases. In the commercial field, the idea of behavior self_governing should be established, with which the commercial subjects discern and burden commercial risks in market competitions by themselves. What law can do is to design an auxiliary system for the course of judgment.