当前中国经济结构性分化的重大现象、突出症结与破解思路

当前中国经济表现出南北区域板块、制造业部门和服务业以及不同所有制企业部门之间的结构性分化现象。对中国仍然处于特定的“投资增长驱动发展模式”的基础性作用认识不够,对制造业部门的高质量投资对提升中国未来潜在增长率的决定性作用认知不够;政府一味依赖的土地财政以及诱发的高房价、高房租和房地产泡沫,既对以制造业为主的旧动能国际竞争力造成了挤出效应,也对新动能的发展壮大产生了难以忽略的阻碍效应甚至抑制效应;针对困扰中小微企业发展的融资难融资贵困局推出的各种金融政策举措,非但没有有效缓解中小微企业的制度扭曲性融资约束难题,反而导致中小微企业和创新型企业的贷款难度提升,这已成为影响和阻碍中国新动能发展壮大的重要因素。需要深入剖析这些问题形成动因以及机制体制障碍的基础上,提出相应的改革突破口和具体政策建议。

Major Phenomena,Prominent Symptoms and Solutions to Structural Differentiation in China’s Current Economy

Currently,a series of major phenomena concerning structural differentiation have been exposed in the China’s economic development,which is prominently manifested in the economic structural differentiation between the northern and Southern regions,between manufacturing sectors and service industries,and between different ownership sectors.The main dilemma of structural differentiation is reflected in insufficient understanding of the fundamental role of the specific“investment-growth-driven development model”for China,and of the decisive role of high-quality investment in the manufacturing sector to enhance China’s potential future growth rate.The government exceedingly relies on land-based revenue,which has induced higher housing prices,higher rentals,and real estate bubbles.This not only causes a prominent crowding-out effect on the international competitiveness based on the old kinetic energy dominated by manufacturing,but also produces obstruction or prohibition effect for the development and growth of new kinetic energy.In response to the financing difficulties that plague the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China,the central government has launched various financial policy measures for banking institutions,which have not effectively alleviated the problem caused by distorted financing system for the SMEs,or effectively reduced financing costs of SMEs and innovative enterprises;instead,they have led to the rising difficulty for making loans by SMEs and innovative enterprises,as well as the rising costs of financing.This has become a major factor that will hinder the development of China’s new kinetic energy.On the basis of in-depth analysis of the causes and institutional obstacles for these major issues,we have proposed corresponding reform breakthroughs and specific policy recommendations.