论刑罚的公平性

刑罚的公平性有两种根据：一种是刑罚的报应根据，认为刑罚量的分配应该与已然之罪等量或等价；二是刑罚的预防根据，认为刑罚量的分配应该与未然之罪相适应。本文认为，刑罚分配的公平性既通过刑罚的报应根据（刑罚与主观恶性、客观危害相适应）体现出来，又通过刑罚的预防根据（刑罚与再犯可能、初犯可能相适应）体现出来，是二者对立统一的结果。

On the Fairness of the Penalty

Penalty fairness has two kinds of bases： One is the penalty retribution basis which holds that the assignment of the penalty quantity should be equivalent to the ascertained crime.The other is the penalty prevention basis which holds that the assignment of the penalty quantity should adapt to unaccomplished crime.This article believes that the fairness of the assignment of the penalty embodies through both the penalty retribution basis （penalty adapts to subjective malignancy and objective harmfulness） and the penalty prevention basis （penalty adapts to possibility of second offense and the possibility of first offense） which is the result of confliction and unification.