制度性歧视的内涵与辨异

制度性歧视是由于国家正式规则的认可或者公权力主体的推行,使一定社会群体持续遭受普遍的、规范化的不合理对待。制度性歧视包含三个构成要素:公权力主体实施的歧视、以制度形态存在的歧视以及不合理的区别对待。与普通的歧视行为相比,制度性歧视具有合法性与正当性、强制性、群体性和稳定性等特点。制度性歧视在性质上属于公法歧视,并且依据存在形态与行为性歧视相区别。它不仅包括多数群体对少数群体的歧视,还包括少数群体对多数群体的歧视。

On the Conception of Institutionalized Discrimination

The institutionalized discrimination arises when certain social groups are suffering a constantly common and normalized unreasonable treatments caused by recognition of laws and regulations or exercised by public authorities. The institutionalized discrimination consists of three elements： discrimination implemented by public authorities; discrimination in form of institutions; unreasonable and unfair treatments. Compared with ordinary discriminative behaviors, the institutionalized discrimination is legitimate and mandatory with the features of collectivity and stability. The institutionalized discrimination is public law discrimination by nature and can be distinguished from behavioral discriminations by existing forms including discrimination against the minority by majority and vice versa.