1952年司法改革运动与法学界的反思——以北京市旧司法人员清理与改造为视角

1952年至1953年的司法改革运动是新中国成立后第一次司法改革,其理念与制度产物仍影响着现今司法体制的建构.司法改革运动的一条隐形动因是破解"案多人少",重塑审判工作模式,为新中国司法制度提供"人民属性"的法理诠释,并尝试建设"政治维度"、"人民维度"和"法律维度"和谐共生的新型司法制度.1957年整风期间,法学界对司法改革运动进行了反思与批判,但囿于意识形态干扰,最终酿成"反击右倾扩大化",导致"案多人少"的矛盾更加突出,司法制度全面倾斜"政治维度",进而演变成为新中国法制建设的灾难.

Reflections of Jurisprudential Circle on Judicial Reform Movement 1952-In the perspective of Beijing old judicial officers cleaning up and transforming

The judicial reform movement from 1952 to 1953 was the first reform after the founding of new China,and its philosophy and system products still affect the construction of modern judicial system.One of the hidden causes of the judicial reform movement is to solve the problem of few judicial officers with many cases,and reshape the mode of trial work thus provide legal interpretation for people's property for new China's judicial system and try to build a new judicial system with harmonious coexistence of "political dimension","people's dimension" and "legal dimension".In the 1957 rectification movement period,jurisprudential circle had made reflection and criticism on the judicial reform movement,but because of the ideological interference,it ultimately led to "counter rightist enlargement" movement,resulting the contradiction became more prominent in the problem of few judicial officers with many cases,the judicial system overall tilted to the political dimension and then evolved into the new China's legal system disaster.