论罪刑均衡的司法模式

罪刑均衡原则作为刑法的一个重要基本原则,是支撑刑法学发展的一个重要指标。在具体的司法实践中,错综复杂的案情以及层出不穷的社会问题,为实现刑法的公平正义以及追求最为均衡的刑罚裁量,带来了不小困难。现代文明社会要求严格恪守罪刑法定原则,罪刑均衡更成为一个司法层面的问题。然而,司法的过程是复杂的,在司法的过程中,司法界精英们发挥了重要的引导和规范功能。通过对刑罚裁量过程中各种辩证关系的分析和论证,努力寻求一种适合我国国情的罪刑均衡的司法模式。因此,在刑罚裁量的过程中,既要实现公平与效率的平衡,又要从法益侵害及行为人特质二元的衡量标准出发,实现应罚性与需罚性的平衡。最后,以刑罚的效果和民众的接受度作为刑罚适当的重要衡量标准,将刑罚裁量的量刑法理学模式与量刑社会学模式有机结合起来,并建议引入量刑听证制度,从司法的层面积极实现罪刑的均衡。

On Judicial Sentencing Mode for the Realization of Balance between Crime and Punishment

The principle of balance between crime and punishment,a basic principle of the criminal law,is an important indicator to the development of the criminal law. In the judicial practice,complex cases and emerging social problems bring difficulties to the realization of this principle. Under the principle of legality in the modern civilized society,the principle of balance between crime and punishment becomes a judicial dimension problem.However,the judicial process is complex,judicial elites play an important role in guiding and regulating the judicial process. This paper holds that we shall not only balance the fairness and efficiency,but also achieve the balance between the punishment-should-be and the required punishment. As a result,with the important measurement criterion of penalty effects and penalty acceptability from the public,the suitable sentencing mode should be the combining of the jurisprudence sentencing mode and sociological sentencing mode. Meanwhile,in order to achieve the balance between crime and punishment,this paper also advocates to introduce a sentencing hearing system in the judicial process.