行政自由裁量权的法律控制——以美国行政法为视角

在实际世界中,绝大多数的行政行为并没有受到司法审查,而且其中相当一部分行为的性质决定了它们不可能受到有效的司法控制.传统的行政法学过分注重"法"的这一面,全部的注意力都放在立法与法院,以至于忽视了问题的另一面,即行政机构在许多情形下都具有很难受到控制的自由裁量权.行政自由裁量权及其法律控制的可能性问题是行政法治的根本问题,因为有关司法审查的标准与力度的问题在本质上就是如何对待行政自由裁量权.

The Legal Control of Administrative Discretion: An American and European Comparison

In actual world, the most administrative acts have not been reviewed by the judicial bodies and one part of them have not been effectively judicially controlled owing to their features. The traditional administrative law overly attachs importance to the law, and ignore that the administrative discretion can not be controlled under many circumstances. The adminitrative discretion and legal control is the basic problem of administrative rule of law, as the standards and degrees of judicial review, in nature, are connected with how to deal with the administrative discretion.