论TRIPs视野下的刑法对知识产权保护的必要性与限度性

知识产权对刑法保护的需求源于该领域的特殊性 :知识产权的权利脆弱性和易受侵害性、知识产权侵权与犯罪行为的弱谴责性与高收益性、对知识产权的刑法保护已达成国际共识。但是 ,刑法对知识产权的保护亦有程度上的特异性 :在价值目标上的限制是谋求个人利益与社会利益的衡平、鼓励创新与科技进步的衡平 ;在法律性质上的限制是恪守后盾法的刑法应是最后制裁法之原则 ;就介入的纵向程度限制而言 ,则应在适度观念下的注重实证效果

Necessities and Limitations for Criminal Law to Protect Intellectual Property from the Perspective of TPIPs Agreement

Intellectual property reqduires the protection of criminal law because, first, it is easy to be infringed owing to its vulnerability; second, crimes of infringing on intellectual property are seldom condemned and their gains are excessive; third, most countries have agreed on the protection of this issue. However, there are limitations for criminal law when involved in intellectual property protection. Firstly, the limitation of aim is to seek the balance of profits between society and individual and encourage the balance between creativity and scientific and technological advances; Secondly, criminal law starts only when laws except criminal law have lost function to punish the behaviors of infringing on intellectual property; Lastly, as far as the longitudinal degree limitation is concerned, the legislator should pay close attention to the practical effects of the execution of criminal law on the crimes of infringing on intellectual property.