世界经济区域集团化发展的理论分析及启示

区域集团化的原因在于:经济全球化和各国国内经济发展之间的矛盾运动;追求市场多元化,克服对单一市场的过度依赖;获得政治竞争优势.关税同盟理论表明,区域集团的贸易创造效应可能对世界经济发展有利,贸易转移效应可能对世界经济发展不利;大市场理论表明,区域集团能够促使规模经济形成,加剧竞争,提高管理和刺激技术发展,增进区域内直接投资;奥尔森的理论表明,区域集团会对成员国的各种特殊利益集团形成约束,促进各国经济效率的提高.区域集团化发展给我们的启示是:应以国家长期利益为重,树立均胜观;加强对内开放;加强与周边国家或地区的合作.

Economic Analysis on the Development of World Economic Collectivization

The collectivization trend of world economic zones after World War Two is quite remarkable, the cause of which lies in the paradoxical interaction between economic globalization and the national economic development of various countries, the pursuit of diversified markets and the overcome of excessive dependence on unitary markets, and the acquisition of political competition advantage. The theory of Zollverein suggests that the trade-creation effect of regional groups might be favorable for the development of world economy while the trade-transference effect might play a negative role in this respect. The theory of Big Market indicates that regional groups can boost the formation of scale-economy, intensify competition, improve management, stimulate technological development and increase regional direct investment. Olsen's theory states that regional groups would be restrictive to the various special interest groups of the member nations and facilitates the enhancement of the nations' economic efficiency. The development of regional collectivization shows us that the long-term interest of nations should be put in the first place, a concept of universal success should be set up, and the opening to the inside and the cooperation with peripheral countries and areas should be intensified.