规范性政治哲学的道德基础:柏拉图与亚里士多德

柏拉图继承苏格拉底的伦理反思,拒斥习俗主义,把国家与社会统一于道德之中,并以道德统摄城邦政治和社会生活。政治对人的要求是“应当做……”,所以,我们将它概括为“产生于道德的政治哲学”。亚里士多德则把政治看作是道德实践,将政治与社会分别开来,政治的目的是实现人的善,它对人的要求是“能够做……”。所以,我们把它概括为“产生道德的政治哲学”。柏拉图与亚里士多德共同奠定了一切规范性政治哲学的道德根基。

Ethic Basis of Normative Political Philosophy: Plato and Aristotle

Plato inherits Socratic reflection on the ethic of ancient Greece, and he refuses the tribalism. He considers that his Republic and the society as the same thing that are both built by morality. The demand of Plato's Republic to each citizen is on "ought to do", In this article, I sum Plato's Republic up as the political philosophy, which givens birth to morality. And while, Aristotle regards the polity as the practice of morality, he differes polity from society, and the theme of his political theory is realizeing the good. The polity of which the demands "can to do". Aristotle' s political philosophy theory is "moral comes from polity". Both Plato and Aristotle are the guides of normative polifeal philosophy.