亲子关系诉讼中拒绝亲子鉴定的证明妨碍论

证明妨碍是妨害诉讼证明致使事实难以解明的行为,它会对妨害行为的实施者带来不利益。拒绝亲子鉴定的证明妨碍以妨碍行为人被科令负担鉴定协力义务为前提,其法律后果因行为人为当事人或第三人而有所不同,仅在当事人拒绝亲子鉴定时法官始可进行事实推定。我国相关的现行立法和司法解释不够完善,新近施行的《婚姻法解释（三）》第二条意义积极,但也有不足：适用条件不明确、拒绝鉴定所生法律效果较为模糊且过于单一、适用的主体范围偏窄、当事人程序保障条款缺失以及与实体法没有很好地对接等。

The Spoliation of Evidence of Refusing Paternity Appraisal in Paternity Lawsuit

The spoliation of evidence is behavior of disturbing prove that resulted in fact being difficult to understand,it will cause no-interest to perpetrator,and the perpetrator being subject to cooperation obligations is the precondition to spoliation of evidence.The legal effects of spoliation are different with the perpetrator being the party or the third person,and only under the party＇s refusal can judge do presumption of fact.In China,related legislation and judicial interpretation are inadequate,though article 2 of Marriage Law Interpretation（Third） is positive,yet there are following shortcomings about it：applicable conditions being not clear,vague and too single legal effects,the scope of the subject being narrow,lacking of procedural safeguards,and be not well docking with substantive law,etc.