云南苗族常染色体STR遗传多态性及其遗传结构分析

目的研究云南苗族常染色体9个STR基因座遗传多态性并分析其遗传结构。方法采用荧光标记PCR复合扩增、基因扫描自动分型技术调查了87名云南苗族无关健康个体9个STR基因座等位基因分布情况。结果9个基因座共检出52种等位基因和109种基因型，等位基因频率分布在O．0057～0．7184。经计算杂合度（H）为0．4023-0．8161、多态信息量（PIC）为0．4090～0．8057、个体识别力（DP）为0．6429。0．9436、非父排除率（PE）为0．1153～0．5654。X^2检验显示所有基因座均符合Hardy—Weinberg平衡。聚类分析结果显示．苗族、僳僳族、傣族、德昂族、普米族及景颇族遗传关系较近。结论为进一步研究STR遗传结构奠定了基础．在人类学、法医学等领域也有重要的应用价值。

The Genetic Polymorphism and the Structural Analysis of STR Loci of Miao Nationality in Yunnan Province

Objective To study the genetic polymorphisms and the genetic structure of nine autosomal STR Loci in Miao minority in Yunnan province. Methods The allelic distributions of nine STR loci were generated through coamplification, genescan and genotype from 87 healthy and unrelated individuals. Results There are 52 STR alleles and 109 genotypes in the Mao ethnic group , with allelic frequencies ranging from 0.0057 to 0.7184. The heterozygosity （H） of the nine STR loci ranges from 0.4023 to 0.8161, the polymorphic information contents （PIC） from 0.4090 to 0.8057, the power of discrimination （PD） from 0.6429 to 0.9436and the power of exclusion （PE） from 0.1153 to 0.5654. Hardy-weinberg equilibrium was evaluated by chi-square test, and all 9 loci matched the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The result of gene cluster analysis shows that Miao, Lisu,Dai,Deang and Jingpo nationalities are more or less in the same cluster. Conclusion The study provides a basis for the genetic structure of Chinese ethnic groups, and also is useful for its application to anthropology and forensic science.