从相互协助到相互承认——欧盟刑事取证立法变迁探析

欧盟刑事取证立法建立在两个不同原则上,一是传统的相互协助基础上的立法,一是1999年坦佩雷会议后,相互承认基础上的立法;这两种立法在欧盟范围内并存。从未来发展看,相互承认基础上的立法将逐步取代相互协助基础上的立法。欧盟理事会2008年12月通过的《欧盟证据令》是欧盟在相互承认基础上取代原有刑事取证立法的第一步,对原有立法进行了制度性革新。欧盟刑事取证立法在取得显著进步的同时,在相互承认原则和公民基本权利保障等方面也面临着诸多挑战。

From Mutual Assistance to Mutual Recognition——review on the legislative changes of EU obtaining criminal evidence

EU legislations of obtaining criminal evidence bases on two different principles,one is traditional legislative system based on the principle of Mutual Assistance,the other is the legislative system based on the principle of Mutual Recognition after 1999 Tampere European Council.Now,these two legislative systems co-exist within EU.The legislative system based on the principle of Mutual Recognition will replace the traditional legislative system based the on principle of Mutual Assistance in the future.European Council in December 2008 adopted the European Evidence Warrant,which is the first step on the basis of mutual recognition to replace traditional legislation of obtaining criminal evidence,bring an institutional reform to traditional system of obtaining criminal evidence.EU legislation of obtaining criminal evidence made significant progress,in the same time,it is also facing challenges in mutual recognition and the protection of constitutional rights.