国际体系与中国的外交选择

"国际体系"是国际关系研究中的一个重要概念,主要指国际行为体的互动所构成的整体。由于国际行为体的现实互动行为具有不同的属性,所构成的体系具有不同的属性,因此从概念上讲国际体系具有多重属性而非一种属性。现实主义、自由制度主义和建构主义分别阐述的权力、制度和观念所指涉的就是体系的不同内涵。在传统的国际体系观念中,权力政治居于主导地位。在当代,由于体系中制度与规范的因素凸显,因此研究者已不能再以权力政治的简单逻辑来判断国家间的互动了。认识这一点对于国际关系理论研究和进行战略评估都有重要意义。联系中国的对外战略选择,进行这个视角的思考尤为重要。面对具有多重属性的体系挑战,中国只有处理好自己的战略排序,对涉及规范、制度、权力的互动作恰当安排,才能顺利地实现自己的国家发展目标。

International Systems and China''''s Foreign Strategic Choices

In international studies, "international systems" is an important concept which refers to an entirety formed through the interactions between various international actors. As the attributes of the interactions are different and so are the attributes of the systems, the international systems conceptually have plural rather than singular attributes. The concepts of power, institutions and ideas explained respectively in the realist, institutional and constructive theories, precisely demonstrate the plural meanings of the international systems. In the traditional ideas about international systems, power politics occupies a dominant position. In the contemporary era, we could no longer judge the interactions between states from the perspective of power politics since international institutions and norms are playing an increasingly important role in international systems. To realize this has great importance for both theoretical researches in international relations and strategic assessments. Therefore, facing the challenges from plural international systems, China can fulfill its goals of national development only when it has a well-ordered arrangement of strategic choices concerning power, institutions and norms in international relations.