人才大战中的市场、政府与政策

2017以来,全国多个城市纷纷出台吸才政策,以期吸引人才,促进本地的经济发展与升级。这次人才争夺战主要表现为政府主导,采用户口、政府补贴等非市场的手段配置资源,而这些措施会扭曲要素的价格,弱化价格的信号作用,不利于资源的最优配置。政府应着眼于提供公共服务,使基本公共服务均等化,为全国统一的要素市场和要素的自由流动创造良好的制度环境;引导劳动力市场中介和人力资源服务业的发展,发挥用人主体在引人、选人、用人、留人方面的主导作用。

A Study of the Roles of the Market, Government and Policy in the War for Talents

Since last year, several cities in China have rolled policies for attracting talented people, with the hope to promote their economic development and upgrading. The key feature of this talent war can be depicted as government-guided, which means the government has adopted some non-market measures to allocate resources such as Hukou and government subsidy. However, these non-market measures will distort the price of factors, weaken the signal effect of the price and count against the optimal allocation of resources. The government should focus on providing public services and promoting its basic equalization across regions to set up good institutions for unified factor markets and the free mobility of factors. In the meantime, it should also play a leading role in facilitating the development of the talent market-based intermediaries and human resources service sector by bringing employers'' role into full play in attracting, hunting, hiring, and retaining talent.