乡族与中国近代水权纠纷解决

乡族在近代中国基层水权运行与水权纠纷解决过程中扮演着重要的角色。较大的乡族会利用优势地位，控制水源、操纵水权分配、掌控水利组织、主导水利祭祀、垄断水权资料，进而控制地方社会。同时，乡族对水权运行和水权纠纷的态度以及配合程度对水权管理的影响极大。水权纠纷解决之后所面临的执行问题，对地方水利社会是一个真正的难题。而在这一过程中，如果分水方案对某一乡族不利，则会采取一切措施阻挠相关方案的实施；反之，则会积极配合。因此，乡族对水权运行、水权纠纷解决的作用是双重的，既有利于水权运行的一面，又有阻碍水权运行的一面。

The Role of Clan in Settling Water Right Dispute in Modern China

Clan plays an important role in the process of water right dispute settlement. The larger clan tends to make use of the advantage of its power to control water recourses, water right allocation, water organiza- tions, water sacrifice, water right material and consequently control the local community. Meantime, the attitude and cooperation of clan have great influence on water right operation and water right dispute settlement. The imple- mentation is really a tough problem for local community after water right settlement. In the process, if the water distribution program makes one clan in a disadvantageous position, it will take all relevant measures to obstruct the implementation of the program. On the other hand, it will actively cooperate with the local community. Therefore, clan plays double roles in water right operation and water right dispute settlement.