从新修辞学论辩理论看英专学生逻辑思维特点

文章利用修正过的图尔明论辩模式。考察英语专业学生议论文写作中论辩结构和要素的使用情况，目的是从修辞学的角度研究英专学生的思维品质：（1）论辩结构的完备性；（2）主张或然度所体现的逻辑思维客观性；（3）对手意识所体现的论辩力度；（4）论辩成分延展性所体现的思维广度和深度。结果表明：（1）92％的受试将论辩结构作为议论文的语篇组织方式；（2）95％的受试提出主张时采取了极端的或然表达方式，影响了逻辑思维的客观性；（3）对手意识普遍薄弱，仅有29％的议论出现了反驳潜势，但没有人就可能的对手观点展开实质性的驳论，影响了逻辑论辩的力度；（4）学生的思维深度和广度随着年级的升高，虽有提高但并没有显著性。

English Majors'' Logical Thinking Features: A Perspective of New Rhetoric

Abstract: Through the modified Toulmin argument model, the paper explores the English majors’ logical thinking quality in argumentative writings from a rhetorical perspective. It means to investigate: (1) the argumentative structure to show the completeness of logical process, (2) the objectiveness of the reasoning reflected in the probability of the claims, (3) the power of reasoning reflected in the awareness of the possible opponents; (4) the broadness and the depth of thinking. The results are: (1) 92% of the subjects use some type of argumentative structure as their discourse pattern; (2) 95% of the subjects use extreme form of modal qualifier, which greatly hurts the objectiveness of arguments; (3) most subjects lack opponent awareness, and only 29% use rebuttal potential, however, without any real countering, which affects the power of their arguments; (4) there is not salient improvement of the broadness and depth of thinking in different grades.