试论拉丁美洲国家现代化进程中的国家重建

国家重建是后发国家现代化进程中需要解决的一个重要问题,国家重建往往成为这些国家现代化顺利推进和实现的关键条件。本文通过对国家重建概念的认识以及拉美国家现代化进程中国家重建的三个阶段的分析,探讨了国家重建在现代化进程中的作用,指出国家政权与制度建设是拉美国家现代化实现过程中至今尚未解决的关键问题之一。

State-Building in the Modernization Process in Latin America

State-building is a term used describing the construction of a functioning state.According to the modernization theory,it means that the state adapts its structure and function to meet demands stemming from the transition from an agricultural society to an industrialized one.In Latin America,it is a concept involved with integrating political and societal forces,resolving political divergences,building up political functions,and creating political competitiveness and stability.Only by establishing a powerful government,regional countries were able to motivate the modernization process and develop cohesion to overcome challenges from it.The experiences from the region show that state-building is a prerequisite for a late-developing country to implement government-directed modernization strategies.It has been proved to be a failure to push for state-building merely by transplanting democratic institutions from western countries.Localized practices such Populism and the Third Way have demonstrated their rationality and feasibility,reflecting the significance of institution rejuvenation to adapt democratic ideas to localized environment.