论我国土地征收收益分配制度改革

自上世纪我国实行土地统征和有偿使用制度以来,土地征收收益分配制度的缺陷日益凸显,表现在:农民集体和农民未能分享土地征收过程中产生的发展性利益;土地征收补偿标准太低;土地收益分配集中于市、县人民政府。究其成因在于:没有解决动态土地权利的制度安排;土地征收补偿机制不能适应市场经济新体制;"土地财政"的利益驱动。破除上述缺陷的改革思路为:建立土地发展权制度;遵循市场规则,改革土地征收补偿方式;增加中央土地收益分配比例,理顺土地收益分配关系。

Discussion on the Reform of Land Expropriation Profit Distribution System in China

Since last century,the deficiencies of land expropriation profit distribution have become increasingly prominent with the system of land unified expropriation and paid use.They show as follows: Firstly,collective farmers and peasantries are unable to share the developed interests in the course of land expropriation.Secondly,it’s too low for the land expropriation compensation.Thirdly,land profit distribution focuses on the city and district governments.There are some reasons.First of all,it doesn’t solve the problem of dynamic land rights system.Second,the land expropriation compensation mechanism can’t adapt to market economic system.At last,it is driven by "land finance".In order to get rid of the defects of the reform,it’s essential to establish the land developed rights system,follow the market rules and reform the land expropriation compensation.What’s more,it’s helpful to increase the proportion of central distribution of land revenue and rationalize the relationship of land profit distribution.