制定我国罪犯DNA数据库管理规范的探讨

在司法鉴定领域,基因遗传分析技术已广泛地应用于个体识别和亲权鉴定检案之中,特别是利用DNA分型技术建立罪犯DNA数据库作为刑事案件侦破手段的设想,就其技术而言已逐步走向成熟和现实.近几年来美国和西欧一些国家相继建立了以PCR-STR分型技术为基础的罪犯DNA数据库,并且也已制定了相关的法律法规以此规范数据库的整个运作过程.1999年我国司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所开展和完成了"中国罪犯DNA数据库模式库"的研究工作,可以预计正式建立我国国家罪犯DNA数据库只是个时间问题,因此进行有关罪犯DNA数据库法律法规制定的研究工作是必须的,它是我国国家罪犯DNA数据库得以顺利建立和高效运作的重要保障之一.

Discussion on the enactment of regulations for Chinese criminal DNA database

In the forensic sciences, the genetic analytic technique is now widely used in paternity test and personal identification. Especially, the conceive of establishing Criminal DNA Database by using of DNA typing technique as a criminal detective means has now come true. The USA and some Western Europe Countries have successfully set up Criminal DNA Databases backed by PCR-STR technique in the recent years, and they also have enacted correlative laws and regulations for administration of Criminal DNA Database in its whole process. In 1999, The Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Justice PRC, launched the study on the Model of Chinese Criminal DNA Database, and has finished this study work in the same year. It is anticipated that the plan of establishing Chinese Criminal Database will realize soon in the future. So it is necessary to begin the study on drafting the correlative laws and regulations as soon as possible, which will act as an important guarantee for establishment and operation of Chinese Criminal DNA Database in the future.