突尼斯妇女法律地位浅析

突尼斯在保障妇女权益方面有丰富的经验。在维护妇女法律地位方面,突尼斯是非洲和阿拉伯国家中取得最大成就的国家之一。主要原因有三:第一是历史原因,突尼斯改革运动为社会解放和知识分子的意识形态变化奠定了良好基础。"凯鲁万婚约"的适用亦有利于国家独立以后执行一夫一妻制;第二是政治原因,妇女解放是突政府最重要的现代化与发展政策之一;第三是社会原因,20世纪80年代以来突尼斯妇女组织对妇女社会地位提高的推动作用。当前突尼斯面临的经济与社会问题可能对妇女现有地位构成一定的挑战。

A Broad Analysis of the Legal Status of Women in Tunisia

Tunisian women’s rights experience is identified as the forefront of women’s rights in the entire Muslim world.Many well-known experts in gender studies and women organizations consider Tunisian women’s rights as the model of women’s rights in Africa and the Arab world.Tunisia is considered as the leading country in terms of women rights protection and achievements among African and Arab countries.Tunisian women’s rights prominent experience comes out from historical,political and social reasons.First,the 19th century reform movement in Tunisia had very big influence on social emancipation and Tunisian intellectuals ’ ideology.Moreover,the"Kairouan Marriage Contract",as part of the Tunisian marriage traditions,has helped with the implementation of monogamy after independence.Second,the Tunisian Government considers women rights protection as one of the most important strategic policies of development.Due to lack of natural resources,Tunisia can only rely on human resources development;therefore the Tunisian Government considers the protection of women’s legal status as one of the major projects of national development.Third,since the 1980s,Tunisian women’s organizations have played an important role in promoting women’s social status.After the political change in 2010,Islamist party’s power is expanding gradually,which is seen as a threat to Tunisian women’s legal status.The author argues that impact of the Islamist party’s expanding power will be very limited;it is Tunisia’s economic and social problems that will form a big challenge for Tunisian women’s social status.