Direct detection of blood in fingermarks by MALDI MS profiling and Imaging |
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| Institution: | 1. Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, S1 1WB Sheffield, UK;2. Center for Applied Science and Technologies, Home Office, St Albans, Hertfordshire AL4 9HQ, UK;1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women''s and Children''s Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore 229899, Republic of Singapore;2. Haematology-Oncology Service, Department of Paediatric Subspecialties, KK Women''s and Children''s Hospital, 100 Bukit Timah Road, Singapore 229899, Republic of Singapore;1. Saint Luke''s Mid America Heart Institute, 4401 Wornall Rd, Kansas City, MO;2. University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO;3. Duke Clinical Research Institute, 2400 Pratt Street, Durham, NC;4. Brigham and Women''s Hospital Heart & Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA;5. University Paris Diderot, INSERM U1148, AP-HP, Paris, France;6. Aetna Foundation, University of Connecticut, Hartford, CT;7. Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX;8. Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Medicine, NU-Hospital Organization, Uddevalla, Sweden;1. Division of Cardiology, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, 27710;2. Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC;3. Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Ahmanson-UCLA Cardiomyopathy Center, Division of Cardiology, Los Angeles, CA;4. Northwestern University Medical Center, Division of Cardiology, Chicago, IL;1. University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands;2. ANMCO Research Center, Florence, Italy;3. Department of Cardiovascular Research, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Famacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy;4. Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Ettore Sansavini Health Science Foundation, Cotignola, Italy;5. Laboratory Medicine, Desio Hospital, Università Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy |
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| Abstract: | The determination of the presence of blood in fingermarks constitutes important intelligence in a criminal investigation as it helps to reconstruct the events that have taken place at a scene of crime. Various methodologies have been reported and are currently employed for the detection of the presence of blood including optical, spectroscopic and chemical development approaches. However, most methods only give an indication that blood may be present and, therefore, these methods are described as presumptive tests.Here we show the use of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Profiling and Imaging (MALDI MSP and MALDI MSI) for the determination of the presence of blood in fingermarks by specifically detecting the molecules of haem and haemoglobin through their mass-to-charge ratios. Furthermore, preliminary experiments are shown which demonstrate that this technology is compatible with other methods currently employed for enhancing fingermarks in blood (or contaminated by blood). The application of the developed protocols to a crime scene blood trace, demonstrates the feasibility of using this technology in routine casework. These findings open up a new line of research for the development of robust MALDI MSP and MALDI MSI protocols for the detection and chemical imaging of bloodied marks. |
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