Identification properties of the office binding machine

The office binding machine is designed to punch a series of rectangular shaped holes along the edge of paper stock. These holes facilitate insertion of a plastic ring to bind the pages into a notebook.Research was conducted to determine if punched holes in paper could be identified as the work of a particular binding machine. Alignment, spacing and imperfections along the edges of the punch marks were considered.It was concluded that in some instances it is possible to identify the product of a binding operation with the punching machine.