艾伦·梅克森斯·伍德对技术决定论的批判

艾伦·梅克森斯·伍德认为马克思不是技术决定论者。她从三个维度批判了技术决定论:从阶级和历史维度,伍德认为技术决定论否定阶级的存在,忽视对具体社会的特殊性分析,主张超历史的和普遍的历史观,认为技术革新是社会变革的主要动力;从资本主义维度,伍德认为资本主义本身是反技术的,技术的发展会加剧自身的特殊矛盾;从社会主义维度,伍德认为社会主义追求的不是技术决定论意义上的阶级消亡和生产主义,而是自然、人与社会之间的和谐,以及生产者的自由联合体。

The Critique of Technological Determinism by Ellen Meiksins Wood

Ellen Meiksins Wood does not consider Marx to be a technological determinist.She criticizes the technological determinism from three perspectives.From the perspective of class and history,Wood decides that the technological determinism negates the existence of class,ignoring the analysis of social particularity.She proposes a transhistorical and universal view of history,holding that technological innovation is the motive power of social change.From the capitalist perspective,Wood thinks that capitalism in itself is anti-technology and the development of technology aggravates its innate contradiction.From the socialist perspective,Wood maintains that socialism seeks not the extinction of class or productivism in terms of technological determinism but the harmony of nature,man and society,and the free combo of producers.