试论审判委员会制度的改革和完善

审判委员会制度是我国独具特色的一项司法审判制度。随着我国民主法制建设的不断深入 ,其缺陷也日益暴露出来。主要表现在 :审判委员会履行法定职责不够全面 ;审判委员会制度与现代诉讼制度的基本原则相矛盾 ;审判委员会组织的行政化难以保证审判质量 ;审判委员会制度不利于落实错案追究制度。改革审判委员会制度必须立足于当代中国的国情和政情 ,准确界定重大、疑难案件的范围 ,严格控制提交审判委员会讨论案件的数量 ,转变审判委员会的职能 ;规范审判委员会讨论案件的程序 ,建立委员间接听审制度、回避制度、审判委员会讨论案件的时限制度、说明理由制度及记录签阅制度 ;改革司法权行政化模式 ,实行审判委员会委员精英化。

On the Innovation and Consnmmation of the Trial Committee System

The trial committee system is a judicial one with the characteristic of our country. But the limitation of it are explosing according to the developement of the democratic and jural construction. They mainly lie on : the trial committee does not perform the statutory duty well. There is a contradiction between the trial committee system and the principle of morden litigant system, The administerialization of the trial committee is difficult to ensure the quality of trial, and, the trial committee system is not good for carrying out the system of researching the wrong cases. The innovation of the trial committee system must lie on the situation of China and clinese politics, making the negion of the serious difficult cases, strictly controlling the efficient of submitling the discussed cases to the trial committee, discussing cases, established the system of which the committee member wait for a trial indirectly, the system of avoiding and the time system of the trial committee discussing the cases. On the other hand, it needs to explain the system of reason and the system of reading and sighing the note, reform the pattern of judicial power which is administerialized, and carry out the simplification of the committee members of the trial committee.