政府间财政平衡体系与府际关系的调整——以统一后的德国为例

自1990年10月3日两德统一后,德国向东部地区提供的天文数字般的转移支付被视为人类历史上以金钱实现政治目的的经典范例。德国政府间财政平衡体系遵循财权事权相统一、创造与保障联邦国土内生活水平的一致性及均衡不同地域经济实力两大原则,并由纵向与横向两大维度构成。自统一以来,在政府间财政平衡体系的作用下,其府际关系呈现出联邦政府趋于强势、西东各州矛盾重重、均衡性(对称性)被打破等新动向。

The Fiscal Balance System between Governments and Adjustment of Their Mutual Relations:A Case Analysis of Germany after Unification

Since the Germany unification on October 3,1990,the federal government has provided numerous transfer payment to the east region and,therefore,it is regarded as a classical example to achieve political goals through money.The fiscal balance system between German governments adheres to the 2 principles and 2 dimensions in the management.In the process,the federal government has gradually dominated,various contradictories have arisen between east and west states,and balance has disappeared.