人与自然的双重解放——福斯特生态学马克思主义理论评析

福斯特的生态学马克思主义以符合时代特征的生态范式重新解读历史唯物主义理论,建立起马克思主义和现代生态学之间的有机联系;借助"马克思的物质变换断裂"理论所完成的对十九世纪资本主义的生态批判以及通过揭示当代资本主义化解生态危机的经济学路径和技术路径的虚伪性和不可能性,指出资本主义制度的反生态本性;强调消解生态危机的出路与社会主义前景密不可分,希冀引导生态运动等新社会运动转向社会主义变革道路,最终实现人与自然的双重解放。在找寻社会变革的现实力量方面,福斯特的理论都还处在探索阶段,有待进一步地深化与完善。

Emancipation of Human and Nature:Comments on John Bellamy Foster's Ecological Marxism

John Bellamy Foster tries to uncover the links of Marxism and modern ecology by using ecological paradigm to understand Historical materialism.Based on Marx’s theory of metabolic rift,Foster criticizes on capitalism ecologically,reveals that it is impos sible to eliminate capitalism ecological crisis by economic and technology means,and points out the anti-ecological characteristics of capitalist system.Foster emphasizes that the way to eliminate ecological crisis is inseparable with socialism prospect,hopes to lead the ecological movement to the way of socialistic revolution and eventually realizes the emancipation of human and nature.However,Foster’s theory is still in exploration stage and needs to develop further.