说明义务违反与沉默的民事诈欺构成——以"信息上的弱者"之保护为中心

影响缔约意思形成的不平等缔约力,除了经济力的不对等,还有信息上的不对等.鉴于"信息不对称"情况下保护"信息上的弱者"在现代市场经济和信息化社会中的重要性,在制定民法典时,有必要规定说明义务与沉默性诈欺,以是否存在说明义务为标准,对沉默性诈欺进行类型区分,对于存在说明义务情况下的沉默,应缓和诈欺的因果关系要件和故意要件.

Disclosure Duty and Reticent Defraud

Besides the economic strength asymmetry,the negotiation power inequality that influences the deciding of contract is the cause of information asymmetry.Protecting the man who is weak of information under the condition of information asymmetry in the market economy and information society is very important.So when the Civil Code is drafted,it is necessary to prescribe reticent defraud and disclosure duty and differentiate the style of reticent defraud according to whether there is a disclosure duty.As for the reticent defraud with a disclosure duty,the elements of causality and intention should be abated.