司法精神病鉴定的人工智能技术应用

司法精神病鉴定实践中的主要问题表现为鉴定意见的信度不足。这一方面源于涉及精神医学、心理学、法学在内的司法精神病学本身属于交叉学科,学科间话语系统融合存在困难;另一方面,司法精神病鉴定的对象本身存在一因多果、多因一果、多因多果方面的复杂性。随着人工智能技术在执法、司法领域的普及应用,以及算法、算力、数据的不断成熟,遵循新型技术嵌入精神病学、心理学而产生新型理论的“一级嵌入”与新型理论嵌入司法精神病鉴定实践“二级嵌入”的“双嵌入”路径,采用“分块开发”“系统整合”“流程整合”三大操作程序,并借鉴人工智能技术中的自然语言处理技术、心理计算技术和智能辅助决策技术资源,能够直接回应并一定程度解决司法精神病鉴定实践中信度不足的问题。这为人工智能辅助鉴定系统的研发,赋能司法精神病鉴定实践提供了可能。

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Forensic Psychiatric Expertise

The main problem in the practice of forensic psychiatric expertise is the lack of credibility of expertise. There are two reasons. First, judicial psychiatry is an integrated discipline which involves psychiatry, psychology and law. Second, the object of forensic psychiatric expertise has the complexity of one cause and one effect, multiple causes and one effect, multiple causes and multiple effects. With the continuous maturity of algorithm, computing power and data, artificial intelligence technology gradually grew in the field of law enforcement and justice. Following the “double embedding” path of “level-one embedding” of new technology embedded in psychiatry and psychology and “level-two embedding” of new theory embedded in forensic psychiatric practice, we can adopt three major procedures of “block development”, “system integration” and “process integration” to develop artificial intelligence. Using the natural language processing technology, psychological computing technology and intelligent decision making technology, we can directly resolve the problem of insufficient credibility in the practice of forensic psychiatric expertise. This provides possibility for the research and development of artificial intelligence system to improve the practice of forensic psychiatric expertise.