近代国际法之罗马法基因考

近代国际法体系在形成与发展的过程中，汲取了丰富的历史资源。其中，罗马法为近代国际法的成长奠定了理论、制度和法律精神上的深厚基础。首先，近代国际法的概念和范畴与罗马“万民法”息息相关；其次，罗马法中民事权利主体平等、契约自由、保护私产、侵权责任等重要的私法原则和制度经由格劳秀斯等近代国际法学家的移植、解释与演绎逐渐演变为近代国际法中的重要规则；更为重要的是，源自罗马法的平等、公平正义等重要法律理念和法律精神在罗马法和国际法的互动影响中，引领着近代国际法在数百年间向着文明与和平的主题不断进化和发展。探讨罗马法对近代国际法成长历程中的多元影响，对于理解国内国际法律秩序，丰富国际法话语体系的内涵，构建人类命运共同体的国际法治方向有重要的启发和意义。

Analysis on the Roman Law Foundations of International Law

Modern international law has embraced various historical resources along with its formation and development. Roman law has the most profound influence on international law in terms of its legal principles, concepts and spirits. Accordingly, this paper investigates the Roman law influence on modern international law from the perspectives of categories, principles, institutions, concepts and spirits, trying to sort out the Roman law genes embedded in modern international law. Firstly, the concept of modern international law is related to Roman “ius gentium”. Secondly, with efforts from jurists such as Grotius, important private law principles in Roman law have gradually evolved into basic rules in modern international law through transplantation, interpretation and deduction. Most importantly, the essential legal concepts and legal spirits derived from Roman law, such as equality, equity and justice, have led modern international law to evolve and develop towards the theme of civilization and peace during centuries through the interaction between Roman law and international law. Exploring the influence of Roman law on the growth of international law is essential for understanding domestic and international legal order, enriching the connotation of the international law discourse system, and building the international rule of law direction of the community with a shared future for humanity.