人工智能嵌入社会治理的风险及其规避

人工智能嵌入社会治理对创新社会治理方式,提升社会治理能力具有重要的作用。与此同时，人工智能在社会治理中的应用带来了治理技术的安全隐患、治理主体的替代 危机、治理行为的价值缺失和治理责任的模糊不清等风险。人工智能的技术复杂性与不确定 性、赋能治理与侵犯权利的双重效应以及兼具治理工具与治理对象的自反是其风险根源。人 工智能嵌入社会治理的风险规避是一个“系统工程”，应致力于构建一个综合性公共政策框 架。概而言之，要以数据与算法治理为基础，加强人工智能风险的根源治理；以优化与完善社会政策为保障，彰显技术治理行为的价值理性；以风险评估与社会实验为手段，开展人工智 能风险的监测预警；以社会合作与共治为架构，推进人工智能风险的协同治理。

Risk Avoidance of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Embedded in Social Governance

AI embedded in social governance plays an important role in innovating social governance methods and impro- ving social governance ability. At the same time, the application of AI in social governance has brought risks, such as the se- curity risks of governance technology, the substitution crisis of governance subjects, the lack of value of governance behavior and the ambiguity of governance responsibilities. The technical complexity and uncertainty of AI, the dual effects of enabling governance and infringement of rights, and the reflexivity of both governance tools and governance objects are its risk sources. The risk avoidance of AI embedded in social governance is a “system engineering”, which should be committed to building a comprehensive public policy framework. In short, we should strengthen the root cause management of AI risks based on data and algorithm management; optimize and improve social policies as a guarantee to highlight the value rationality of technological governance behavior; take risk assessment and social experiment as means to carry out AI risk monitoring and early warning; take social cooperation and co - governance as the frame-work to promote the collaborative governance of AI risks.