地利分配秩序中的农民维权及政府回应研究——以珠三角地区征地农民上访为例

进入新世纪以来,珠三角地区因征地历史遗留问题而导致的农民集体维权事件处于高发态势。尽管不少征地案件存在程序不规范等问题,但支撑农民的集体维权行动的根本动力,实际上是他们对地权增值的再分配主张。在维权过程中,农民以宗族为动员基础,以重新分配地利为主要目标,并采取了“挟”“闹”“诉”和“谋”等行动策略。地方政府则采用了“开口子”“给票子”“定调子”和“补漏子”等回应性治理策略。农民和村集体与地方政府之间的矛盾原本属于利益博弈的问题,但是农民通过维权方式将利益博弈问题转化为民生问题和权利话语。村庄微观政治通过信访渠道进入宏观政治领域。

Research on Peasants Rights Protection Activities and Government Response in the Distribution of Land Revenue--A Case Study on the Petition of Land-expropriated Peasants in the Pearl River Delta

Since the beginning of the new century,rural collective petitions in the Pearl River Delta region caused by land-expropriated problems inherited from the past have been happening frequently.Although there are indeed some rule-breaking operations in many land expropriation cases,the fundamental motivations of peasants collective petition activities are their demand for a redistribution of land revenue.In their rights protection activities,peasants are mobilized on the basis of clans,appealing for a redistribution of land revenue.They adopt action strategies such as“threatening”,“trouble making”,“complaining”and“conspiring”.On the other side,local governments adopt responsive strategies as“opening a crack”,“offering money”,“setting the tone”and“plugging loopholes”.The conflict between peasants/village-collectives and local governments should have been a benefit gambling issue,but peasants have transformed this issue into a livelihood problem and have adopted a rights-protection discourse.Therefore,village micro-politics have entered the macro-political field through petitions.