葡萄牙人在浙江沿海的通商与冲突

嘉靖元年(1522年)西草湾之战后,葡人被逐出广东,在中国私商的导引下,占据浙江双屿港作为国际走私贸易的据点。起初,葡萄牙人在双屿主要从事中国沿海的走私贸易,后发展成在日本、闽浙和满剌加之间从事三角贸易。随着走私贸易的发展,双屿形成了一个具有相当规模的葡萄牙人居留地。然而,由于葡人在浙江沿海从事海盗活动,以及中葡商人的“商欠”纠纷,促使中葡关系不断恶化,并导致中葡之间的大模武装冲突,其结果是葡萄牙人被逐出浙江沿海,结束了在那里的通商活动。

Portuguese Trade and clash in the Coastal Areas of Zhejiang

After the battle at Xicao Bay, the Portuguese were driven out of Guangdong. Under the leading of Chinese private merchants, they occupied the Shuangyu Harbor in Zhejiang as a base for international smuggling trade. At first, Portuguese were primarily engaged in the Maritime smuggling along the Coast of China. Then, this business developed into a triangle trade between Japan, Zhejiang and Fujian, and Malacca. Along with the development of maritime smuggling trade, Shuangyu Harbor became a Portuguese settlement of considerable scale. However, the Portuguese pirate activities in Zhejing and the disputes on "business debts" between Portuguese and Chinese merchants increasingly worsened the Sino-Portuguese relations . Consequently, after a large-scale armed clash between China and Portugal, the Portuguese were driven out of the coastal areas in Zhejiang and their trade activities there were ended.