突发公共事件应急管理研究中的重要科学问题

当今,各类突发公共事件已成为构建和谐社会的重要隐患,引起了社会各界的广泛关注.认为,加强突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题研究是我国社会经济发展过程中产生的重大现实需求,对于建立和发展富有中国特色的应急管理理论以及相应的学科体系具有重要的科学意义;在此基础上,将突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题归纳为突发公共事件应急管理体系建设战略研究、典型突发公共事件危机/灾害的机理机制研究、突发公共事件的监测预警研究、应急资源管理理论与技术研究、突发公共事件的认知与决策行为研究、突发公共事件的模拟仿真研究、突发公共事件的应急管理系统研究以及突发公共事件的后评估与重建研究,并对其研究现状和发展趋势进行了扼要的回顾和展望;最后建议国家有关部门设立重大研究计划以便加强研究力度,并就如何提炼和组织其中的科学问题提出了一些建议,可为我国开展突发公共事件应急管理中的科学问题研究提供参考.

Key Scientific Problems in Public Emergency Management

Nowadays, various public emergency events have become important hidden troubles in building harmonious society and have gained enormous attention in social circles. This paper firstly points out that it is not only momentous practical demand to enhance more study on public emergency management as socioeconomic development in our country, but also it has important scientific significance to build and develop emergency management theory and knowledge systems according to China's characteristics. Then we consider that scientific problems of public emergency management embody the system construction strategy, the mechanism of typical crisis and disaster, the monitor and prediction methods, the theory and technology of emergency resource management, the cognitive and decision behavior in emergency, the analog simulation, the emergency management system and the evaluation and reconstruction theory after public emergency events. Also a crisp review and outlook are preceded in this scasce. Finally, this paper suggests that it is very important for related departments to set up a research project to enhance the study force, and proposes some pieces of advice about how to refine and organize those scientific problems as well. This work will make a contribution to those studies on public emergency management.