自由主义思潮的早期裂变

早期自由主义是一种政治思潮，同时它又发展成为一种政治运动。在政治运动中，自由主义理论中的内在矛盾逐渐暴露，就不可避免地发生分裂，早期自由主义的分裂首先从卢梭开始。卢梭的自由民主理论首先以激进的形式表现出来，随后，法国大革命对这一理论的实际应用所造成的社会震憾，导致了它的对立面－保守主义的产生，而功利主义的自由主义介于两者之间，它抛弃了洛克自由主义的自然法则理论，将功利原则视为道德与立法的根本原则。早期自由主义的分裂奠定了当代主要政治思潮的基础。

Early Split of Trend of Liberalism

Early liberalism is a kind of political trend,at the same time it developed into a political movement.In the political movement,the inner contradiction of liberalist theory was gradually exposed,and inevitably broke up.The split of early liberalism started with Rousseau whose theory of liberal democracy expressed itself in radical form.Later,the social shock to its actual use by the French Revolution led to the emergence of its opposite---conservatism.Between the two was utilitarian liberalism which gave up the theory of natural law of Locke's liberalism and took utilitarian principle as the basic principle of moral and legislation.The sploit of early liberalism laid the basis for major contemporary political trend.