“蜂窝式社会”:移民社会结构的形成及其功能——基于对海口府城祠堂、庙宇的考察

为了探寻中国古代移民社会的结构及其功能,通过对海南古代移民社会的首府——府城进行实地考察与研究之后发现,在府城移民社会形成的过程中曾先后形成两种不同形态的“蜂窝式社会”,即“同乡结合型蜂窝”与“同族结合型蜂窝”。前者出现在移民社会形成初期,以移民会馆为中心构建起来;后者则出现在移民社会形成的中后期,以宗祠为中心构建起来。这两种类型的“蜂窝式社会”不仅在结构上极为接近,而且在功能上也具有相似的对内与对外职能。但二者不同之处在于后者作为国家儒家文化意识形态的载体较前者拥有更多的文化资源与合法的权威资源。

"BeehiveSociety": The Formation and its Functions of Ancient Immigrant Social Structure: Based on the Investigation of Ancestral Halls and Temples in Fucheng

In order to explore the structure and functions of the ancient Chinese immigrant society,this paper,based on the one-year fieldwork in Fucheng,the capital of the ancient immigrant society in Hainan Province,found that in the process of the formation of Fucheng's immigrant society,there were two different kinds of"beehivesociety",that is,the"beehive of the same hometown"and"beehive of the same lineage".The former appeared in the early stage of the formation of immigrant society,which was centered on the immigrant guild hall;the latter appeared in the middle and late stage of the formation of immigrant society,which was centered on ancestral halls.These two types of"beehive society"are not only very close in structure,but also have similar internal and external functions.But the difference between them is that the latter,as the carrier of national Confucian cultural ideology,has more cultural resources and legal authority resources than the former.