散杂居区灾害文化研究——基于民国以来河南灾民的群体记忆

河南是中国56个民族成分齐全的散杂居民族大省,也是民国以来天灾人祸高发地区。长期的严重灾荒使河南人民遭受了其他地区难以想象的痛苦与磨难,形成一种特殊的群体记忆,体现出不同层面的文化现象:从“流民潮”到“民工潮”;从饥不择食到健康饮食追求;从消极心理、安全感缺失到积极心理的转变;从人人自保到团结互助;从区域恐慌到更大范围蔓延;从祈求神灵保佑到渴望政府救灾等六个方面。文章通过基于民国时期河南灾民群体记忆形成的文化现象研究,充分汲取历史上灾害文化中的有益成分,对于我们不断延续中华文明,实现中华民族伟大复兴是有所裨益的。

Study on Disaster Culture in the Area Mixed and Scattered Ethnic Minorities: Based on the Group Memory of Disaster Victims of Henan Since the Republic of China

Henan,inhabited by ethnic groups in China,is a region with a high incidence of natural and man-made disasters since the Republic of China.People of Henan suffered unimaginable pain and suffering,forming a special group memory.From the tide of refugee to the tide of laborers,from hunger to the pursuit of healthy diet,from negative psychology and lack of security to the transformation of positive psychology,from all just to protect themselves to solidarity,from regional panic to wider contagion,from praying for God's blessing to yearning for government disaster relief,this kind of group memory reflects different levels of cultural phenomenon.