浮肩损伤的法医学鉴定15例分析

目的探讨浮肩损伤(floatingshoulderinjury,FSI)的法医学鉴定。方法回顾性分析1993年1月至2006年1月受理的FSI法医鉴定案件15例,其中肩胛颈骨折15例(首次X线漏诊7例),合并同侧锁骨干骨折13例,锁骨远端骨折2例。均于受伤后至少6个月进行法医学检查,全部进行X线拍片,必要时行CT三维重建及MRI检查,结合伤者的症状、体征及关节功能的检查情况,从肩关节活动范围、疼痛程度、局部肌力等几个方面综合评价其功能。结果参照Herscovici的疗效标准:良2例(13%)、可4例(27%)、差9例(60%)。依据GA35-92,GB18667-2002标准,评定为6级2例,7级9例,8级2例,9级1例,10级1例。结论FSI是一种高能量的特殊损伤,合并伤及多发伤发生率高,早期易被掩盖,导致漏诊、误诊、延误治疗。法医鉴定时应充分认识FSI的特殊性,全面客观分析,综合评价肩部功能,防止误鉴及漏鉴。

Forensic identification of floating shoulder injury

OBJECTIVE: To discuss forensic identification of floating shoulder injury (FSI). METHODS: To analyze fifteen cases of FSI which were accepted from Jan. 1993 to Jan. 2006, including 15 shoulder neck fracture, 13 clavide stem fracture and 2 distal end clavide fracture, the function of shoulder joint was evaluated six months after injure considering the following three aspects: result of forensic examination such as X-ray photograph, CT and MRI, the injurers' symptom, objective sign and joint function, shoulder joint territory, degree of pain and local muscle power. RESULTS: Basing on the curative effect standard of Herscovic, all cases were divided into good. Modest, worst, which included 2, 4, 9 cases respectively; referring the standard of GA35-92, GB18667-2002, all cases were divided into six, seven, eight, nine and ten degree, which included 2,9,2,1,1 cases respectively. CONCLUSION: As a special powerful injure, FSI always companied with concurrent and multiple injure, and characterized by missed, incorrect and delayed diagnosis and infelicitous treatment, which lead to the high frequency and degree of injure. To prevent missed and incorrect forensic identification, we should have a full realization of the particularity of FSI, and evaluate the function of shoulder all-sidely, objectively and synseticaly.