裁量基准的正当性问题研究

现代法治背景下,伴随着行政裁量治理转型而大量涌现的裁量基准.日益成为一种普遍的行政法现象和创新的行政自治制度。考察裁量基准的正当性基础。除了其本身具有限定裁量范围、防止"同案异判"而有损个案正义的内在功能之外,直接源于西方限制性授权理论的发展。裁量基准作为一种解释性行政规则,对下级行政机关及公务员存在当然的拘束力,并具有一定的外部效力,可作为行政执法的依据。但只要说明正当的理由,仍可以逸脱裁量基准的边界,以实现个案正义。为保证裁量基准的正当性,在制度上应引入比例原则,完善行政参与和公开公布机制。

A Study on the Justification of Arbitration Bases

In the company of the reforming of discretion regulating under modern background of rule of law, a great number of administrative discretion standard have emerged and become an innovatory system of administrative autonomy. Discretion standard is justified by the development of the western no-delegation doctrine directly, in addition to its role in confining discretion and avoiding different verdicts in similar cases. As a kind of explanatory administrative regulations, discretion standard can restrict subordinate administrative organs and public servants and have outside effect. However, with fair reason, the boundary of discretion standard can be transcended in pursuit of case justice. In order to ensure the legitimacy of discretion standard on the system, we should introduce proportion principle, consummate administrative participation system and establish a mechanism of publicity and publication.