论非法人团体的法律地位

团体人格(法人)是经济发展所导致的法律调控技术发展的结果,其目的不仅在于赋予需要并且适于作为交易主体的组织以交易主体(合同当事人)资格,同时更重要的是赋予作为社会经济生活之实体存在的团体以完全的法律人格,使其能够成为财产的所有人并独立承担财产上所生之一切义务。由此,团体人格可以分为"形式人格"和"实质人格"两个侧面。非法人团体能够以自己的名义"独立"对外订立合同,但其既不能独立享有财产权利、也不能独立承担财产责任,故其仅具有团体人格之形式而无团体人格之实质。

The Legal Position of the Unincorporated Society

The group personality (corporation) is the fruit of the reconciliation and controlling technique through law because of the economic development. Its purpose is not only to give (the contracted parties) subject qualification which is a subject needs and fits for, but what is more important is that it offers a complete juridical personality to corporate body which exists in our social life so that the solid body may be an independent property owner bearing on all the obligations it produces. Therefore, the group personality may take the dual forms of "formal personality" and "substantial personality". The unincorporated society signs a property contract with other legal personalities in its own name, but it can neither own its independent property right, nor can it take on property responsibility. So it can merely have entity personality in form without any entity personality in reality.