《联合国反腐败公约》与中国刑事诉讼

《联合国反腐败公约》的通过为我国打击腐败犯罪、解决贪官外逃问题提供了一项重要的法律武器。公约在刑事程序方面作出了许多特别规定 ,主要包括 :增强反腐败机构的独立性 ;强化对被追诉者的程序控制和实体处罚 ;提升反腐败机构的侦控能力 ;加大对被害人的保护力度 ;拓宽证据收集渠道 ,降低证据运用的法律要求 ;加强反腐败领域的国际合作等。我国刑事诉讼同公约有不少契合之处 ,但也存在很大差距 ,主要表现在 :承担反腐败职能的机构不独立 ,难以抵制各种压力的干预 ;举报制度存在问题 ,获取腐败犯罪信息的能力不足 ;侦查方式单一、落后 ,无法满足打击腐败犯罪的需要 ;证据制度不健全 ,不利于收集打击腐败犯罪的充分信息 ;对被害人的权利保障不力 ,影响反腐败工作的法律与社会效果 ;相关法律制度存在缺陷 ,给利用公约追回外逃资金造成困难。为强化刑事诉讼对腐败犯罪的追诉能力 ,有必要对我国相关立法进行改革与完善

United Nations Convention against Corruption and Chinese Criminal Procedure

The adoption of United Nations Convention against Corruption offered an imporant legal weapon for us to crack down the corrupt criminal and solve the problem of the corrupt officials running to the foreign countries.The convention has stipulated many special regulations on criminal procedure, which mainly include: strengthen the independence of the institutions against the corrupt criminals;intensify the procedure control and substantive punishment to the accused:upgrade the prosecution ability of the institutions against the corrupt criminal;strengthen the protection to the victim;widen the channel of evidence collection and lower the requirement of using the evidence; enhance the international cooperation in the area of anticorruption, etc. There is some coincidence between the convention and our criminal procedure,however,there is also great gap between them: the institution against corruption is not independent and can't boycott the outside pressure;the informing system has many problems and can't collect enough information;the investigative pattern is monotonous and backward and can't meet the requirement of cracking down the corrupt crimes;the evidence system is imperfect and is not helpful to the collection of the evidence;the protection to the victim is not enough and affect the legal and social result of the anticorruption work; the related legal system has many problems and will cause difficulties to the work of recovering the stolen goods by use of the convention. In order to intensify the investigative ability of our criminal procedure,we should reform and perfect the related legislation.