自我决定权与刑法家长主义

作为公民的基本人权,自我决定权的解释力辐射到被害人同意、被害人自陷风险、诈骗罪中的被害人怀疑与错误、自诉以及刑事和解等诸多刑事法领域。家长主义是自我决定权在刑法上的对立者与保护神。现代语境下,自我决定权与刑法家长主义的关系呈现出既有正向排斥又有逆向制约、既要积极保障又要拒绝溺爱性保护的复调结构。这种二元互动的理论框架,能够向下在微观层面为具体的被害人教义学问题提供思想支撑;在更抽象的层面上,则取决于解释者的价值立场在自由主义与保守主义之间的倾向。

Self-determination Right and the Paternalism in Guminal Law

As a citizen’s basic human rights,the explanatory power of self-determination right covers the fields of victim’s consent,the victim’s falling into risk by himself,the victim’s doubt and error in crime of fraud,private prosecution,criminal conciliation and many other related areas.From criminal law perspective,the paternalism is the opposite and protector of self-determination right.In modern context,the relationship between self-determination right and the paternalism in criminal law reflects both exclusion and interacting,which also characterized with the double structure of adopting active security and refusing spoiled protection.This theoretical framework of dual interaction could provide an ideological support for specific dogmatic problem downward at micro level.Furthermore,at more abstract level,it depends on the intention of the interpreter’s value position between the liberalism and conservatism.