认真对待民事保护令——基本原理及其本土化问题探析

民事保护令有着不同的类型,属于特殊的禁令或人身权请求权的实现方式。它依据综合性责任机制保障实施;在程序上具有交错适用诉讼和非讼法理、对受害人予以倾斜保护、具有完备执行程序等特色;在全面保障权利、遏制家庭暴力、维持家庭稳定、保障选择自由之时,其功能也可发生异化。我国民事保护令制度处于试运行状态。需要对已有的立法建议稿等进行对照性研究,并提出未来中国防止民事保护令异化的措施。

Solemnity of Civil Protection Orders: A Survey of Basic Principles and Localization

Though varying in types,civil protection orders by nature all fall within the ambit of special injunctions or those related to claims for personal rights,and are ensured to be executed by a comprehensive liability mechanism.In respect of procedure,civil protection orders are characterized by alternative resort to litigation and non-litigation methods,preferential protection of victims,and full procedure of execution.While protecting rights,preventing domestic violence,maintaining family stability and ensuring free choice,functionally civil protection orders may yield some reverse effects.Since in China,civil protection orders are still in a test run,proposals to prevent reverse effects must be put forward based on a study by reference of legislative measures and opinions..