我国民事简易程序的反思与发展进路

我国法院目前适用简易程序审理的案件,实际上已经包含了国外第一审程序所有的三种类型案件,即普通程序、简易程序和小额诉讼程序。三种诉讼标的数额差别很大的案件适用同一种程序,与国际上公认的按照案件的类型设置民事纷争的处理程序的原理发生了明显的冲突。笔者认为,此次《民事诉讼法》修改,首先应将目前按照简易程序审理的案件按照一定的数额标准一分为三;其次,在基层法院要专门设立简易诉讼法庭、小额诉讼法庭,以防止不同类型案件审理上的混同;最后,简易、小额诉讼程序的设置要有助于人们接近司法,有助于法治社会的形成。

Summary Procedure and Its Future in Chinese Civil Procedural Law

Cases now heard with summary procedure in the People’s Courts in fact cover all the cases of first instance divided in foreign countries into three types,i.e.,cases falling under regular procedure,cases under summary procedure,and small claim cases.The fact that one procedure is applied at one time to three types of cases varying greatly in disputed claims leads to apparent conflicts with the principle internationally recognized that the procedure should vary in light of category of civil cases.Nowadays while revising the civil procedure law,the author argues,we should divide the cases now falling under summary procedure into three according to amounts of claims and then establish summary procedure and small claim divisions in the lower courts so as to avoid confusion of different types of cases.Further,it should be ensured that establishment both of the procedures here conduces to people’s access to justice and contributes to making up a society ruled by law.