检察机关审查排除非法证据问题探讨

我国检察机关依法享有排除非法证据的职能,能够发挥检察官的自由裁量权,加强对侦查主体行使权力的监督;满足检察机关与法院互相配合特殊关系的需要;确保检察机关恪守客观公正的立场,校正辩方弱势的不平衡。通过实证观察,检察机关排除非法证据的实际运作并不乐观,存在非法证据界定不明、缺乏审查排除程序规则等问题。有必要正确界定非法证据,明确非法证据的排除原则;设置对抗性的听证程序,构建包括启动、审查、处理、救济环节的检察机关审查排除非法证据机制。

Exclusion of Illegal Evidence upon Examination by the Procuratorial Organ

China＇s procuratorial organs perform the function of excluding illegal evidence according to law.Such function can guarantee the prosecutor to exercise the judicial discretion and strengthen the supervision on investigation organs.Besides,it can meet the coordination needs of the special relationship of the procuratorial organ and the court;ensure the procuratorial organs an objective and justified stance so as to rectify the imbalance of the defense in less advantageous position.However,based on empirical study,the function of procuratorial organs to exclude illegal evidence is not optimistically performed,e.g.,the illegal evidence is not defined clearly and the examination procedures for exclusion are absent.Thus,it is necessary to explicitly define the illegal evidence;to formulate examination doctrine for exclusion of illegal evidence;to set up adversarial hearing procedure;and to establish integrated mechanism for procuratorial organs to exclude illegal evidence including initiation,examination,resolution and remedies.