论监所线人与刑事冤案:域外经验与本土建构

监所线人制度乃现代社会中的必要之恶。监所线人证言与一般证人证言相比具有内在的不可靠性,故需谨慎采用,否则容易造成冤狱。美国和加拿大均有类似的惨痛经历,因此近些年进行了司法改革。我国也面临类似问题,有必要借鉴域外经验改革完善:一方面要高度重视监所线人证言,不与普通证人证言等同视之;另一方面须完善审查机制,确立假定不可信规则与补强规则。此外,还应重视跨部门相关知识的培训。

On Jailhouse Informant and Wrongful Conviction:Extraterritorial Experience and Local Construction

The jailhouse informant system is a necessary evil in modern society. By contrast to the ordinary wit-ness testimony, the jailhouse informant testimony cannot get rid of its inherent unreliability, which may cause the wrongful conviction, so it deserves our special attention. About this, both the United States and Canada have some painful experiences, and that's the reason why they have carried out the judicial reform in recent years. Our country is also facing the similar problem, and we are in need of making reform after learning from extraterritorial experi-ence:on the one hand, we need to attach much importance to jailhouse informant testimony and can't equate it with ordinary witness testimony;on the other hand, we should perfect the relevant review mechanism, and establish the rule of presuming jailhouse informant testimony unreliable and the corroboration rule. In addition, the relevant cross-department training is necessary.