Biochemical investigation of vitreus: applications in forensic medicine, especially in relation to alcohol |
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| Authors: | M S Devgun J A Dunbar |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biochemistry, Law Hospital, Carluke, Lanarkshire UK;2. Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee U.K.;1. Physical Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany;2. JCNS-1/ICS-1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;2. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Melaka, Malaysia;3. Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Melaka, Malaysia;4. Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Melaka, Malaysia;5. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, City, University of London, Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, United Kingdom;6. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia;1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Melaka, Malaysia;3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;4. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Melaka, Malaysia;1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;2. Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;3. Wireless and Photonics Network Research Centre, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;4. Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre (LDMRC), Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | Vitreus biochemistry is useful in subjects dying with uraemia, dehydration, hyponatraemia; and in the presence of osmotically active substances such as alcohol and drugs. Useful tests include sodium, potassium, chloride, urea, creatinine, osmolality, osmolar gap estimation and ethanol. The significance of calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, pH, phosphate and urate is still not clear. Transaminases and lactate dehydrogenase are found to be significantly raised; these may be associated with sudden release of hyalocyte contents at death. |
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