Semiformal Organizations and Control During the COVID-19 Crisis in China |
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Authors: | Jiang Shanhe Zhang Dawei Irwin Darrell D |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Wayne State University, 656 W Kirby St., Detroit, MI, 48202, USA ;2.Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, China ;3.University of Connecticut, Manchester Hall, Room 325, 344 Mansfield Rd., Unit 1068, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA ; |
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Abstract: | Scholars often compare China and Western societies in terms of dichotomous forms of control—formal and informal. Recent research indicates a nuanced form of social control—semiformal. Using a survey data collected during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic in China, this study investigated the prevalence and importance of semiformal organizations, formal organizations, and informal groups participating in social control and social service and the predictors of the perceived importance of these three forms of social control mechanisms. Findings from this study revealed that formal organizations, the semiformal organizations, and informal groups all participated in community control and service. Semiformal organizations had the highest level of participation. This study found that education and age are the two major predictors of the views on the importance of formal, informal, and semiformal control and control mechanisms. |
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