我国弱势群体的制度特征及制度化保障

我国改革中形成的弱势群体具有群体同质性和弱势因素高度重合性两大制度特征。由于现有社会保障制度相对稳定,而改革过程中新的弱势群体还会持续生成,所以在社会保障制度与社会实际之间必然存在着滞后效应,表现为城市中以单位为载体的保障和农村社会保障的基本空白,已经不能为弱势群体提供全面的保障。目前的制度设计应当以住房、大病保险和教育保险为立足点,同时加强制度创新,以组织建设提升新弱势群体的社会资本,增强这些群体自我发展的能力。

The System and Systemized Security of the Disadvantaged in China

The disadvantaged groups resulting from the reformation have two big features:colonial homogeneity and highly representation. Because the present social security system is relatively stable and new disadvantaged groups have being formed in the course of the reform, the social security system is necessarily lagging behind the society reality. The city security system, with the units as carrier, and the rural security system have offered nothing to the disadvantaged groups. The current system should, with the housing and the serious disease insurance and educational insurance as the basis, strengthen system innovation to promote the social capital of the new disadvantaged groups and to strengthen the ability of self - development.